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@#Teaching traditional Chinese rehabilitation therapeutics in the rehabilitation therapy undergraduate education, the teachers should take the realities into account, and make a distinction in the course arrangement. Medical cases should be illustrated to increase the students' interest. Acupuncture and Tuina should be taken as key curriculum and the practical ability should be enhanced. The teachers were supposed to focus on the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the impacts on post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect treated with acupuncture for "regaining consciousness, benefiting marrow and opening orifices" and rehabilitation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty patients of post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 20 cases in each one. In the observation group, acupuncture was applied to the acupoints for "regaining consciousness, benefiting marrow and opening orifices", named Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Benshen (GB 13), Shenting (GV 24), and the bilateral-primary points and-connecting points of the heart meridian, pericardium meridian and kidney meridian, as well as the acupoints along the affected meridians. Additionally, the rehabilitation was provided. In the control group, acupuncture at the acupoints along the affected meridians and rehabilitation were adopted. The treatment was given once a day, 5 times a week. After 8 weeks of treatment the evaluation was made. the indexes of unilateral spatial neglect such as line bisection test, the score of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), the score of simple Fugl-Meyer motor function assessment and the modified Barthel indexes were adopted for the assessment of the severity of unilateral spatial neglect, cognitive function, motor function, and the activities of daily living.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the indexes of unilateral spatial neglect (line bisection test, line cancellation test, clock-drawing test and copying drawing test), MMSE score, the simple Fugl-Meyer motor function assessment and modified Barthel indexes were all improved as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all<0.01). The improvements in the observation group were more obvious than those in the control group (<0.05,<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of acupuncture treatment for "regaining consciousness, benefiting marrow and opening orifices" and rehabilitation much more effectively alleviates the severity of post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect and improves the motor function and the activities of daily living in the patients.</p>
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Acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation is of multi-targets, the treatments of which are not only for hemiplegia, but also cover a wide variety of aspects, such as aphasia, dysphagia, dysarthria, cognitive disorders, bowel or bladder dysfunction, ataxia and post hemiple-gic pain, etc. Based on the experiences of stroke rehabilitation with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine over 20 years, this paper discussed the selection of acupoints, needling manipulations, opportunity of intervention, quantity of stimulations, the needle-retaining time as well as the impact on spasticity after hemiplegia referring to ancient and modern literatures and modern rehabilitation theory.
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Objective To construct a rapid genetic DNA extraction method, with nano magnetic beads, self-designed reagents system and extracting process. Method Part I: DNA extraction from old blood cotton swab sample with self-designed DNA extraction kit, then quantiifed by UV spectrophotometer. The method was further optimized on the preliminary results. Part II: All kinds of difficult DNA sample were tested with optimized kit, to detect the applicability of the kit. Result By improving the experimental condition, the extraction effects of different DNA sample is good, meanwhile, the extraction cost is relatively low.
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Objective To probe the therapeutic effect of ginger-salt-partitioned moxibustion on urge incontinence after stroke. Methods 40 stroke patients following urge incontinence were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20). 2 groups all received the same treatment, routine acupuncture and rehabilitation. Additionally, the experimental group received ginger-salt-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV8). The curative effect was compared after treatment (4 weeks). Results 36 cases finished the treatment, 17 in the control group and 19 in the experimental group. Total number of urination, urinary incontinence and nocturia reduced, and the average volume of each urine increased (P0.05). Conclusion The effect of ginger-salt-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque on poststroke following urination disorders is remarkable.
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@#Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture on head Shen- acupoints on cognitive dysfunction after stroke. Methods 35 cases with cognitive dysfunction after stroke were divided into treatment group (n=19) and control group (n=16). The control group received conventional treatment, while the treatment group received electroacupuncture on Sishencong (EX-HN1), Shenting (GV24) and Benshen (GB13) in addition. They were assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and after 4-week treatment. Results The scores of MMSE and MoCA increased more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of visuospatial abilities and executive functions, attention and concentration, calculation, memory and orientation of MoCA improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture on head Shen-acupoints can improve cognitive function in patients after stroke.
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@#Objective To probe the therapeutic effect of ginger-salt-partitioned moxibustion on urge incontinence after stroke. Methods 40 stroke patients following urge incontinence were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20). 2 groups all received the same treatment, routine acupuncture and rehabilitation. Additionally, the experimental group received ginger-salt-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV8). The curative effect was compared after treatment (4 weeks). Results 36 cases finished the treatment, 17 in the control group and 19 in the experimental group. Total number of urination, urinary incontinence and nocturia reduced, and the average volume of each urine increased (P<0.05), and volume of bladder residual urine reduced in 2 groups after treatment (P<0.001), while the experimental group was better than the control group (P<0.05). The scores of modified Barthel Index increased in 2 groups after treatment, but there was no significant difference between 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The effect of ginger-salt-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque on poststroke following urination disorders is remarkable.
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Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture on head Shen-acupoints on cognitive dysfunction after stroke. Methods 35 cases with cognitive dysfunction after stroke were divided into treatment group (n=19) and control group (n=16). The control group received conventional treatment, while the treatment group received electroacupuncture on Sishencong (EX-HN1), Shenting (GV24) and Benshen (GB13) in addition. They were assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and after 4-week treatment. Results The scores of MMSE and MoCA increased more in the treatment group than in the con-trol group (P<0.05). The scores of visuospatial abilities and executive functions, attention and concentration, calculation, memory and orien-tation of MoCA improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture on head Shen-acupoints can improve cognitive function in patients after stroke.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Myocarditis is a common, potentially life-threatening disease that presents a wide rang of symptoms in children, as an important underlying etiology of other myocardial diseases such as dilated and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. The incidence of nonfatal myocarditis is probably greater than that of the one actually diagnosed, which is the result of the challenges of establishing the diagnosis in standard clinical settings. Currently, no single clinical or imaging finding confirms the diagnosis of myocarditis with absolute certainty. Historically, clinical exam, electrocardiogram (ECG), serology and echocardiography had an unsatisfactory diagnostic accuracy in myocarditis. Endomyocardial biopsy remains as a widely accepted standard, but may not be suitable for every patient, especially for those with less severe disease. Our aim was to find the changes in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging of children with myocarditis diagnosed by clinical criteria.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We studied 25 children (18 male, 7 female; aged from 5-17 years) with diagnosed myocarditis by clinical criteria. CMR included function analyses, T2-weighted imaging, T1-weighted imaging before and after i.v. gadolinium injection (early gadolinium enhancement (EGE) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The T2 ratio was elevated in 21 children (84%, 11 in anterolateral (44%), 5 in inferolateral (20%), and 5 in septum (20%)), EGE was present in 9 children (36%, 3 in anterolateral (12%), 4 in inferolateral (20%), and 2 in septum (8%)), and LGE was present in 5 children (20%, 2 in anterolateral (8%), 1 in inferolateral (4%), 1 in septum (4%), and 1 in midwall of left ventricular (LV) wall). In 9 children (36%), two (or more) out of three sequences (T2, EGE, LGE) were abnormal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CMR findings in children with clinically diagnosed myocarditis vary within the groups, including regional or global myocardial signal increase in T2-weighted images, EGE and LGE in T1-weighted images. The T2 ratio elevation is the most common CMR finding. Children with mild cardiac symptoms may also appear serious myocardial injuries.</p>
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Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Methods , Myocarditis , Pathology , Myocardium , PathologyABSTRACT
@#Objective To study the effects of body weight support treadmill training (BWSTT) or Du channel electroacupuncture (DcEA) on locomotion function and expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF) and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) in rats with spinal cord transection. Methods 54 adult SD rats were divided into control group (n=18), BWSTT group (n=18) and DcEA group (n=18). Each group was divided into 3 subgroups (n=6) for 8 d, 15 d and 30 d respectively. Spinal cord transection was performed at T10 level. The locomotion function was assessed with Bosso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale for open field (BBB scale) and the expressions of NGF and GAP-43 in spinal cord tissues to the injury caudal ends were measured with immunohistochemistry. Results The scores of BBB scales and expressions of NGF and GAP-43 were higher in BWSTT group and DcEA group than those in the control group on the 8th d,15th d and 30th d respectively (P<0.01); and were higher in DcEA group than in BWSTT group on the 15th d and 30th d respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion Both BWSTT and DcEA can improve the locomotion function in rats with spinal cord transection and increase expressions of NGF and GAP-43 in spinal cord tissues, and DcEA is more effective.
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In order to clarify original plants of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) frankincense, a GC method for determination essential oils and a HPLC method for determination boswellic acids were carried out together with analysis of herbalism, botany, components and pharmacology papers of frankincense. It was concluded that original plants of TCM frankincense include at least Boswellia sacra, B. papyrifera and B. serrata.
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Boswellia , Chemistry , Classification , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Herbal Medicine , Plant ExtractsABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of swallowing training combined with acupuncture on patients with dysphagia more than one month after stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods 61 patients with dysphagia meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a control group (31 cases) and a treatment group (30 cases). Both groups were subdivided according to the course of disease-1 ～ 2 months or ＞ 2 months. The patients in the control group received only swallowing training, 30 min per day, 5 times a week for 9 weeks. The patients in the treatment group were treated with the same swallowing training as the control group, additionally combined with acupuncture at the acupoints around the neck, including Lianquan (Ren23), Jinjin (EX-HN12), Yuye (EX-HNI3),Fengchi (GB20) , Yifeng (SJ17) and Wangu (GB12). Acupuncture was performed 5 times a week, 30 min per session for 8-week courses with a week's break between them. Results Both groups and their sub-groups demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements in swallowing function. Scores in the 2 treatment subgroups showed more improvement than in the control group. There was, however, no significant difference between the 2 treated subgroups in either their post-treatment or pre-treatment swallowing function scores. The cure rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than in the control group, but there was no significant difference in the total effectiveness rate between the two groups. Conclusion Swallowing training alone or combined with acupuncture can improve the swallowing of patients with chronic neurogenic dysphagia. The combination therapy was more effective. The improvement was not related with the course of the disease.
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Objective To explore the levels and clinical significance of anti-beta 2-glycoprotein 1 antibodies (β_2GP1), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (M M P-9) in the plasma of children with Kawasaki diseases (KD). Methods Serum level of anti-β_2GP1 antibody and MMP-9 was measured in 47 children with KD by ELISA, and the data was analyzed using SPSS11.5 software. Thirty age matched children with infectious diseases(sepsis or pneumonia), exclusive of heart, liver, kidney, blood diseases and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid were chosen in the fever control group. Results Coronary artery lesions (CAL)were found in 17 children of KD group (17/47) by Doppler ultrasound examination. Significant differences (P < 0.05) of serum level of anti-β_2GP1 antibody was showed between KD group ((7.46 ± 2.13) U/ml)and the control group ((4.38 ± 0.43) U/ml) ; serum level of MMP-9 was (886.62 ± 92.72) ng/ml and (460.06 ± 179.59) ng/ml in KD group and the control group respectively, with significant difference between the two groups(P < 0.05). In KD group, levels of anti-β_2GP1 were (8.83 ± 0.89) U/ml among children with CAL and (6.18 ± 1.42) U/ml among children without CAL, serum level of MMP-9 was (948.62 ± 81.76) ng/ml and (872.00 ± 34.74) ug/ml respectively, with significant differences(beth P < 0.05). In children with KD, the serum levels of anti-β2GP1 antibody and MMP-9 were significantly correlated (correlation coefficient r = 0.665). Conclusions Serum levels of anti-β_2GP1 antibodies and MMP-9 increased in the acute phase of KD, and were significantly higher in those KD children with CAL.Anti-β_2GP1 antibodies and MMP-9 may play a role in the pathogenesis of KD, and can be used as an important serological indicator of KD with CAL.
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@#Objective To identify the risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with hemiplegia. Methods The total body bone mineral density (BMD) of 366 patients with hemiplegia in the stage of rehabilitation was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The data of the patients were analyzed with multiple logistic regressions. Results The incidence of osteoporosis was 15.3 % (56/366) in the cohort. ≥60 years old (OR=5.434, 95% CI:2.734～10.801), duration of disease (OR=1.046, 95% CI:1.013～1.080), body mass index (BMI) (OR=0.746,95% CI:0.622～0.840),ADL level (OR=0.618, 95% CI: 0.444～0.858) were independently correlated with osteoporosis in patients with hemiplegia. Conclusion Patients with hemiplegia in the stage of rehabilitation were at a high risk of osteoporosis. Aged over 60 years old, lower BMI, longer duration of disease and ADL level were independent risk factors for osteoporosis, which called for supervision and prophylaxis on osteoporosis.
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@#Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mass and the influencing factors in patients with hemiplegia.Methods The total BMD, bone mass, lean mass and fat mass of 366 patients (313 stroke cases and 53 TBI cases) with hemiplegia were tested by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, as well as the clinical features of all patients, were studied.Results The bone masses in the paretic side (upper limb, lower limb and trunk) decreased significantly compared with nonparetic side ( P<0.01); the differences of bone masses (%) in upper limb, lower limb and trunk between paretic and nonparetic side decreased with duration of disease or trauma ( P<0.01). The multivariable stepwise regression analyses showed that the total bone mass and total BMD were negatively correlated with age and duration of disease significantly (all P<0.01), and positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) significantly ( P<0.01), the total BMD was also positively correlated with lean mass ( P<0.01) and ADL level ( P<0.05).Conclusion The bone mass deceases in the paretic side significantly, and gets worse with the duration of disease. Age, duration of disease or trauma and BMI influence total BMD and bone mass; in addition, total BMD is correlated with total lean mass and ADL level.
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@#Objective To observe the changes of functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) when performing transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) in Du Channel of the patient with brain trauma.Methods TENS was applied to the acupoints of Mingmen and Yaoyangguan in a patient with brain trauma.The changes of brain function when TENS performed were observed with fMRI.Results Compared with rest status,multiple brain areas were activated during stimulation.Conclusion TENS in Du Channel may influence neural plasticity course after brain injury.
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Objective To explore fMRI data with independent component analysis (ICA) in order to investigate effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on brain function. Methods The experiment was performed on a whole-body 1.5 T GE Signa Excite MRI scanner with which the brain oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)/EPI images were acquired from a female traumatic brain injury patient. A block designed protocol was used. Both durations of rest and TEAS were 30 seconds. The data processing was performed with GIFT, Statistical Parametric Mapping 5 (SPM5) and MRIcro. Results from ICA and SPM were compared. Results Extended Infomax algorithm provided by GIFT found thirteen independent components (ICs), each of which contained a spatial map and a corresponding time course. The spatial maps associated with task-related ICs resembled the activation maps from SPM5 but were not totally identical. In addition, the time courses of these ICs differed from the shape of canonical HRF model used by SPM. Conclusion ICA is a good choice to investigate data and obtain prior knowledge before using model-based methods such as SPM.
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@# ObjectiveTo observe the effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on bone mineral density (BMD) of spinal cord injuried (SCI) patients. MethodsThe PEMFs group was composed of 12 SCI patients received regular PEMFs treatment as the treatment group, 12 SCI patients treated without PEMFs were as the control group.BMD of total proximal femur, Ward's trigonum and great trochanter of all patients were detected by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and after treatment.ResultsBMDs of total proximal femur and great trochanter of patients of the treatment group were a little increased after PEMFs treatment, with no significant difference (P>0.05), but BMD change was significantly different compared with the control group (P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionPEMFs treatment along with routine exercise may help to reduce the loss of bone after SCI.
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@#ObjectiveTo discuss the causes, preventions and treatments of fractures after spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsA retrospective survey was carried out in the clinical data of 22 patients who suffered fractures after SCI in China Rehabilitation Research Center (CRRC) during 1988-2001.ResultsAll the patients showed osteoporosis or osteopenia in different degrees,fractures occured unconsciously or during minor force,without symptoms after fractures.It was difficult to discover and often was neglected. 15 patients were cured by surgical operation.Conclusions Osteoporosis is the pathological base of fractures after SCI, excess loading stress in the diaphysis is the main cause during joint movement passively, it is important to emphasize preventions and treatments of osteoporosis on early stage and the health propaganda and education is needed.
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@#ObjectiveTo study effects of oral administering alfa calcidol and diphosphonates on the bone mineral density (BMD) of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsChanges of BMD of the 4th lumbar spine (L4), the proximal femur (total) and all of its subareas were studied between SCI cases of taking (n=31) and not taking (n=42) alfa calcidol. Changes of BMD between cases of taking diphosphonates (n=22) and not taking (n=24) were also compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences in BMD of L4, the proximal femur and all of its subareas between SCI cases of taking and not taking alfa calcidol. While there was a significant difference in BMD of the proximal femur (total) between cases of taking and not taking diphosphonates (P<0.05), and the reducing degree of BMD in the former is less than that in the latter.Conclusion Oral administering diphosphonates has a protective effect on SCI patients' BMD of the proximal femur.